5-Amino-1MQ

5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium (5-Amino-1MQ) is a competitive inhibitor of NNMT — an enzyme overexpressed in adipose tissue in obesity that converts nicotinamide to 1-methylnicotinamide while consuming SAM (S-adenosyl methionine). By inhibiting NNMT, 5-Amino-1MQ increases nicotinamide pool availability (NAD+ precursors), elevates cellular SAM supporting methylation reactions, reduces adipogenesis, and enhances energy expenditure through improved mitochondrial function.

Adipocyte research: In vitro models show reduced lipid accumulation and pre-adipocyte differentiation upon NNMT inhibition.

In vivo fat reduction: Animal models demonstrate reduced fat mass without caloric restriction via NNMT inhibition.

NAD+ elevation: Downstream increase in cellular NAD+ and SIRT1 activity observed alongside NNMT inhibition.

Epigenetic regulation: Altered methylation patterns in adipose tissue associated with reduced lipogenic gene expression.

Metabolic rate: Some models suggest resting metabolic rate increase comparable to low-level exercise training.